He huarahi tino ma te whakaputa hiko te pūngao rā. Heoi, i roto i te maha o ngā whenua pārūrū he nui te rā e whiti ana, ā, he nui rawa te pai o te whakaputa hiko o te rā, kāore i te pai te utu o ngā tipu hiko o te rā. Ko te teihana hiko o te rā te momo matua o te teihana hiko tuku iho i roto i te ao whakaputa hiko o te rā. Ko te nuinga o te wā he rau, he mano rānei ngā panera o te rā kei roto i te teihana hiko o te rā, ā, he nui te hiko e tukuna ana mō ngā whare me ngā pakihi maha. Nō reira, he nui te wāhi e hiahiatia ana e ngā teihana hiko o te rā. Heoi, i roto i ngā whenua Āhia e noho puku ana te tangata pērā i a Īnia me Singapore, he tino iti, he tino utu nui rānei te whenua e wātea ana mō te hanganga o ngā tipu hiko o te rā, i ētahi wā e rua.
Ko tētahi o ngā huarahi hei whakaoti i tēnei raruraru ko te hanga i tētahi teihana hiko o te rā ki runga i te wai, te tautoko i ngā panera hiko mā te whakamahi i tētahi tūnga tinana mānu, me te hono i ngā panera hiko katoa. He hanganga tuwhera ēnei tinana mānu, ā, he mea hanga mā te tukanga pupuhi, ā, he iti te utu. Whakaarohia he kupenga moenga wai i hangaia ki te kirihou pakari. Ko ngā wāhi e tika ana mō tēnei momo teihana hiko photovoltaic mānu ko ngā roto taiao, ngā puna wai i hangaia e te tangata, me ngā maina me ngā poka kua whakarērea.
Whakaorangia ngā rauemi whenua, ā, whakatūria ngā teihana hiko e rere ana ki runga i te wai
E ai ki te Pūrongo Mākete Pūngao Rā Whakateretere i tukuna e te Peeke o te Ao i te tau 2018, he mea nui te tāutanga o ngā whare whakaputa hiko rā whakateretere i roto i ngā teihana hiko wai, inā koa ngā teihana hiko wai nui ka taea te whakahaere ngāwari. E whakapono ana te pūrongo ka taea e te tāutanga o ngā panera rā te whakanui ake i te whakaputa hiko o ngā teihana hiko wai, ā, i te wa ano ka taea te whakahaere ngāwari i ngā teihana hiko i ngā wā maroke, ka iti ake te utu. I tohu te pūrongo: "I ngā rohe he iti ake te whanaketanga o ngā whatunga hiko, pērā i a Āwherika ki te tonga o te Sahara me ētahi whenua whakawhanake o Āhia, he mea nui rawa atu pea ngā teihana hiko rā whakateretere."
Ehara i te mea ka whakamahia noa e ngā tipu hiko pūngao rā e rere ana te wāhi noho, engari he pai ake pea i ngā tipu hiko pūngao rā e tū ana i te whenua nā te mea ka taea e te wai te whakamatao i ngā panera photovoltaic, ā, ka piki ake te kaha whakaputa hiko. Tuarua, ka āwhina ngā panera photovoltaic ki te whakaiti i te mimiti o te wai, ka waiho hei painga nui ina whakamahia te wai mō ētahi atu kaupapa. I te mea ka nui ake te utu o ngā rauemi wai, ka kitea nuitia tēnei painga. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki e ngā tipu hiko pūngao rā e rere ana te whakapai ake i te kounga o te wai mā te whakaroa i te tipu o te rimurimu.
Ngā tono pakari o ngā teihana hiko rere i te ao
Kua tino tūpono ngā tipu hiko o te rā e rere ana. Inaa, i hangaia te teihana hiko o te rā e rere ana tuatahi mō ngā kaupapa whakamātautau i Hapani i te tau 2007, ā, i tāutahia te teihana hiko arumoni tuatahi ki runga i tētahi puna wai i California i te tau 2008, me te mana kua whakatauhia he 175 kilowatts. I tēnei wā, ko te tere hanga o ngā tipu hiko e rere anaKei te tere haere te hanga o ngā tipu hiko o te rā: i tāuta angitu te teihana hiko 10-megawatt tuatahi i te tau 2016. I te tau 2018, ko te kaha tāuta katoa o ngā pūnaha photovoltaic rere o te ao he 1314 MW, ki te whakaritea ki te 11 MW noa iho i ngā tau e whitu ki muri.
E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te World Bank, neke atu i te 400,000 kiromita tapawha o ngā puna wai i hangaia e te tangata i te ao, ko te tikanga mai i te tirohanga o te rohe e wātea ana, ko ngā teihana hiko o te rā e rere ana he kaha tāuta taumata terawatt. I kī te pūrongo: "I runga i te tatau i ngā rauemi mata wai i hangaia e te tangata e wātea ana, e whakatauhia ana me te āta whakaaro ko te kaha tāuta o ngā tipu hiko o te rā e rere ana o te ao ka neke ake i te 400 GW, he rite ki te kaha tāuta photovoltaic o te ao i te tau 2017." Whai muri i ngā teihana hiko o uta me ngā pūnaha photovoltaic whakauru-hanga (BIPV). Whai muri i tēnā, ko ngā teihana hiko o te rā e rere ana kua noho ko te tuatoru o ngā tikanga whakaputa hiko photovoltaic nui rawa atu.
Ka tū te tinana mānu i runga i te wai i ngā momo polyethylene me te polypropylene, ā, mā ngā matū e hangai ana ki ēnei rauemi ka taea e te tinana mānu te tautoko i ngā panera rā i te wā roa. He kaha te ātete o ēnei rauemi ki te pirau i puta mai i te hihi ultraviolet, he mea tino nui tēnei mō tēnei tono. I roto i te whakamātautau koroheketanga tere e ai ki ngā paerewa o te ao, neke atu i te 3000 hāora te ātete ki te pakaru o te ahotea taiao (ESCR), ko te tikanga i te ao tūturu, ka taea tonu e rātou te mahi mō te neke atu i te 25 tau. Hei tāpiri, he tino teitei hoki te ātete ngokingoki o ēnei rauemi, e whakarite ana kia kore ngā wāhanga e totoro i raro i te pēhanga tonu, kia mau tonu ai te pakari o te anga tinana mānu. Kua whakawhanakehia motuhaketia e SABIC te SABIC B5308 momo polyethylene kiato teitei mō ngā mānu o te pūnaha photovoltaic wai, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga mahi katoa i roto i te tukatuka me te whakamahinga o runga ake nei. Kua mōhiotia tēnei hua momo e te maha o ngā umanga pūnaha photovoltaic wai ngaio. Ko te HDPE B5308 he rauemi polymer tohatoha taumaha ngota maha-ahu me ngā āhuatanga tukatuka me te mahi motuhake. He tino pai te ESCR (ātete ki te pakaru taiao), he tino pai ngā āhuatanga miihini, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i waenga i te pakari me te pakari. He pai te taurite (ehara i te mea ngāwari ki te whakatutuki i tēnei i roto i ngā kirihou), ā, he roa te ora ratonga, he ngāwari ki te pupuhi i te tukatuka pokepoke. I te pikinga ake o te pēhanga ki runga i te whakaputanga pūngao ma, e tumanako ana a SABIC ka tere ake te tere tāutanga o ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic rewa. I tēnei wā, kua whakarewahia e SABIC ngā kaupapa teihana hiko photovoltaic rewa i Hapani me Haina. E whakapono ana a SABIC ko āna otinga polymer ka waiho hei matua ki te tuku atu i te kaha o te hangarau FPV.
Otinga Kaupapa Whakarewa me te Taupoki Pūngao Rā a Jwell Machinery
I tēnei wā, ko ngā pūnaha pūngao rā e tāutahia ana e whakamahi ana i te tinana matua e mānu ana me te tinana āwhina e mānu ana, ko te rahinga o aua tinana kei waenga i te 50 rita ki te 300 rita, ā, ko ēnei tinana e mānu ana ka hangaia e ngā taputapu pupuhi whakarewa nui.
Mīhini Whakarewa Pupuhi Whakarite JWZ-BM160/230
Ka whakamahia e ia tētahi pūnaha whakaputa tīwiri tino whai hua i hangaia mō te hanga, he pokepokea ai, he taputapu penapena hiko servo me tētahi pūnaha whakahaere PLC kawemai, ā, ka whakaritea he tauira motuhake kia rite ki te hanganga hua hei whakarite i te hanga pai me te pumau o ngā taputapu.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-02-2022